Microosmotic pumps for continuous release of the tyrosine. Development and evaluation of elementary osmotic pump of. Osmotic pumps delivering angii subcutaneously is a routine approach to inducing aortic aneurysms in mice. The release rate of a drug from an osmotic system is directly proportional to the osmotic pressure of the core formulation c. Continuous ophthalmic treatment using an osmotic pump in a. Rose and nelson developed an implantable pump in 1955.
Mice and alzet osmotic pumps female crlscidbr mice, 45 weeks of age, and alzet osmotic pumps model 2004 were purchased from charles river sulzfeld, germany. Pdf osmotically controlling drug delivery system is one of the best method of drug. Mice were housed under institutional animal care and use committeeapproved germfree conditions. Alzet osmotic pumps are cylindrically shaped see fig. It was introduced to the market in the early 1980s in osmosin indomethacin and acutrim phenylpropanolamine, but unexpectedly severe issues with gi irritation and cases of gi perforation led to the withdrawal of osmosin.
A highpressure electro osmotic eo micro pump fabricated by a solgel process is shown to be potentially effective as a fluiddriving unit on chipscale analytical systems. L reservoir to administer isoproterenol over 3 weeks. Alzet osmotic pumps for laboratory animal dosing overview. If a pump instruction and specification sheet durect corporation manufactures a miniature implantable pump for use in laboratory animals. This video article jove describes a method for targeted administration of drugs to the central nervous system by either continuous delivery using alzet osmotic pumps or performing bolus injections into the right lateral ventricle of mice. This video describes the inner parts of an alzet pump and how they operate to enable continuous delivery of. Leeper pumps, the alzet and osmet systems, the elementary osmotic pump, and the pushpull system. Durect corporation alzet osmotic no 1004 pump alzet. Based on data from many laboratories, there have been consistent findings that this is a reliable and reproducible method to study both aaas 3,4 and taas 2226 in mice. Pumps are to be implanted with the animal under general anesthesia. Alzet pumps can be used for systemic administration for targeted drug.
Through continuous infusion, these pumps maintain a welldefined, consistent pattern of drug exposure throughout the duration of the experiment. Convenient and reliable alternative to frequent injections. Implantation of miniosmotic pumps and delivery of tract. Convenient, reliable, and costeffective alternative to chronic injections continuous delivery ensures constant compound levels in plasma or tissues for maximised therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse effects. The measuring cylinder containing a known mass of granules blend is tapped. Osmotic pump delivery system authorstream presentation.
Continuous drug infusion with an implantable osmotic pump. Premature excess release from the alzet osmotic pump. Pdf subcutaneous angiotensin ii infusion using osmotic. It is not to be placed into animals used for food or food products, or in humans. Following the surgical procedure of pump implantation, a temporary delay in body weight gain was observed. Introduce the pump into the back of the animal leaving the catheter and cannula outside figure 2b. Infusion pumps for continuous dosing of laboratory animals. It became available for investigational use in the mid1970s, and researchers used it routinely in the screening of active agents, animal toxicology and pharmacology, and initial clinical testing, creating. This video provides an overview of the alzet technology, benefits, and applications.
Channel is long and straight electro double layer has a finite width cross section of the channel is constant along the flow direction the applied electric field is uniform and along the x axis of the channel the potential at the wall is constant and. Development of pushpull osmotic pump tablets for a slightly. A what is osmotic pressure osmotic pressure is a most important colligative property according to pharma point of view. Osmotic pumps are miniature infusion pumps for the continuous dosing of laboratory animals. Durect corporation, cupertino, california, usa containing 200. Pdf gradient generation by an osmotic pump and the. Alzet pumps are capable of delivering homogeneous viscous solutions with a viscosity of less than 100,000 centipoise. They offer a simple, convenient and reliable alternative to repetitive videos in alzet osmotic pumps on vimeo. Cd or captisol, which acted as both a solubilizer and as an osmotic agent. The video also describes proper filling of the alzet pump and and surgical techniques for implantation in rats and mice. Technical description of the alzet micro osmotic pump model 1002 a. Controlled porosity osmotic pump is an osmotic tablet in which membrane contains. Osmotic pressure is a most important colligative property according to pharma point of view. Osmotic pump drug delivery technology can also be used to deliver high drug.
Alzet pumps have been used to target delivery to a wide variety of sites including the spinal cord, spleen, liver, organ or tissue transplants, and wound healing sites. By combining the technique with a washout period, stem cell. Development of pushpull osmotic pump tablets for a slightly water soluble drug piyush patel, shahrzad missaghi, sandip b. Through osmosis, water from the body is slowly drawn through the semipermeable membrane into the pump by osmotic agent residing in the engine compartment, which expands the osmotic agent and displaces a piston to. Maximize therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects. The alzet mini osmotic pump model 2002 delivers solutions continuously for at least 14 days without the need for external connections or frequent handling of animals. If more than 10 pumps are needed, ensure that the lot numbers of the pumps are the same for one study, since pumps from different lot numbers have different mean fill volume and pump rate. It is generally used intravenously, although subcutaneous, arterial and epidural infusions are occasionally used. The alzet osmotic pump model 2ml4 delivers solutions continuously for 28 days. Miniature infusion pumps for mice deutsche messe ag. This video showing osmotic pump insertion for drug delivery. Colligative property is the concentration of solution independent of solute property. A broad canvas of osmotic drug delivery devices semantic scholar.
Weigh each pump including both the main body and flow moderator, and note the weight to 4 decimal places e. We chose the alzet model 1004 minipumps with a 100. Isoproterenolinduced heart failure mouse model using. In this research, rats were implanted with 7day minipumps model 2001 containing 24 mgkgday pyridostigmine, and blood samples were taken at intervals from 5 to 60 min after implantation. Although shown to be thermodynamically feasible, the osmotic principle is not likely to be used commerically for these purposes in the near future. Pdf osmotic drug delivery system as a part of modified. Alzet pumps are small, implantable devices for continuous dosing of unrestrained lab animals. Isoproterenol concentration varies depending on the body weight of the animal due to constant flow rate. Eppendorf tubes to prepare solution for individual mice 0. Implantable drugdispensing osmotic pump, shaped as a small rod with titanium housing.
If more than one pump is sequentially implanted, the protocol must describe and justify the implantation of more than one pump. After filling the pump body with angii, the flow moderator is inserted to seal the pump. Pdf osmotic micropumps for drug delivery researchgate. The alzet mini osmotic pump model 2001 delivers solutions continuously for 7 days without the need for external connections or frequent handling of animals. The nominal performance is a target for all pumps manufactured.
Push pull osmotic pump ppop c modified oral osmotic drug delivery systems oodds 1. Alzet osmotic pumps are a simple, convenient and reliable method for continuous dosing of laboratory animals, including mice and rats. Constant zeroorder release is maintained as long as the drug solution is saturated. Prednisolone pdl was chosen as a model drug for this study. Cortese et al,1982 1976 patent granted on the design of alzet osmotic pumps which later extensively used as an experimental research tool in laboratory animal. Alzet pumps are drug discovery tools that offer researchers enhanced control over test compound levels in plasma and tissues. Such osmotic pump tablets contain leachable watersoluble components in their membranes, thus delivery orifices are formed when the. The therapeutic use of osmotic minipumps in the severe. Such osmotic pump tablets contain leachable watersoluble components in their membranes, thus delivery orifices are formed when the watersoluble components dissolve. Demonstrated procedures include subcutaneous and interperitoneal implantation, and the use of a catheter for intravenous jugular, intrathecal, intragastric, and cranialcerebral infusion. This paper alerts investigators to the possibility of an excessive early release from the alzet osmotic pump.
Describes the principle involved in an osmotic pump used to extract fresh water from the oceans and in an osmotic power plant used to generate electricity. Plastic test tubes for dissolution of the reagent or incubation of osmotic pumps 4 15 ml. Rajabisiahboomi1over the last decade, there has been increasing interest in the development of oral osmotic devices in which the. It is a selfcontained intelligent device consisting of a microcontroller with associated memory, embedded software, inputsoutputs, a micro pulse stepping motor, crystal oscillators. Pushpull osmotic pump is delivered both poorly water soluble and highly water soluble drugs at a constant rate.
Individual lots of pumps may vary from this target within limits. Alzet pumps operate because of an osmotic pressure dif ference between a. The brochure design and layout needed to produce a strong first impression and present alzet as a market leader. A filling needle is included in the box with osmotic pumps. One layer the upper layer contains drug in a formulation of polymeric, osmotic agent, and other tablet excipients. Continuous delivery for up to 6 weeks is feasible with a single pump, and even longer durations can be achieved through serial implantation. These infusion pumps continuously deliver drugs, hormones and other test agents at controlled rates from one day to six weeks without the need for external connections or frequent handling which. Small infusion pumps and alzet catheters for continuous dosing of unrestrained laboratory animals. As the core absorbs water, it expands in volume, which pushes the drug solution out. The core of pushpull osmotic pump tablets is composed of a drug layer containing an active drug and a push layer having expanding agents 17. The graph on the left shows the representative pumping rates for two pump models from 4 degrees to over 40 degrees in 0. The elementary osmotic pump eop was developed by alza in 1974, and was the first practical example of an osmotic pump based drug release system for oral use. Alzet surgical implantation procedures video on vimeo. The alzet osmotic pump model 2ml2 delivers solutions continuously for 14 days.
Products fluid handling osmotic pumps alzet osmotic pumps. A schematic diagram of sandwiched osmotic tablets can be seen in the fig. Osmotic pumps consist of an inner core containing drug and osmogens, coated with a semipermeable membrane. Durect a biopharmaceutical company, acquired alzet osmotic.
Osmotic pumps release drug at a rate that is independent of the ph and hydrodynamics of the dissolution medium. Durect corporation alzet osmotic pump model 1002 alzet. Alzet pumps can be implanted sc or ip to enable systemic. Save time by eliminating the need for frequent animal handling. The in vitro pumping rate of the model 1003d alzet osmotic pump over time n20.
The pumping rate of the model 2ml4 alzet osmotic pump over time in vitro and in vivo in sprague dawley rats after subcutaneous implantation n105. Complete osmotic pump system with flow moderator in place. To achieve an optimal zero order delivery profile, the orifice must be smaller. This system resembles a standard bilayer coated tablet. Sep 16, 2015 alzet pumps deliver by the process of osmotic displacement. The core above finally coated with a layer of semi. Suspensions may be delivered from the pump if they do not precipitate. The use of alzet pumps in mice is documented since 1976 in over 3,600 published studies. Osmotic drug delivery uses the osmotic pressure for controlled delivery of drugs by using osmogens for upto 10 16 hrs. Osmotic pumps can be used for systemic administration. The osmotic delivery device is based on higuchitheeuwes pump design figure 6. An infusion pump infuses fluids, medication or nutrients into a patients circulatory system.
Another kind of osmotic pump tablet suitable for the delivery of watersoluble drugs is the porosity osmotic pump tablet verma et al. Osmotic pumps such as those supplied by alzet can be connected to a catheter. Osmotic pumps of different sizes and drug duration are available for purchase from alzet. Alzet pump model 1004 2001 2004 2006 duration days 28 7 28 42. Alzet pumps ensure that test compounds are present in plasma and tissues for a sufficient duration to allow their biological effects to develop fully and reproducibly. Alzet pumps can also be used for targeted delivery, where the effects of a drug or test agent are localized in a particular tissue or organ, by means of a catheter.
The pumping rate of the model 2002 alzet osmotic pump over time n20. Implantation of the alzet miniosmotic pump in vivo. This video shows the parts of the pump and describes how the pump operates to enable continuous delivery. This product is for use in experimental animals only. As the core absorbs water, it expands in volume, which pushes the drug solution out through the delivery ports. Figure 1a illustrates the time points of alzet microosmotic pump implantation black arrows and weight gain of controls and drugexposed rats. Blm was infused constantly via the pumps over 7 days according to the manufacturers instructions. The release of pdl from osmotic pump devices and tablets was. Infusion pumps can administer fluids in ways that would be impractically expensive or unreliable if performed manually by nursing staff. Alzet osmotic pumps are miniature, implantable pumps used for research in mice, rats, and other laboratory.
This video shows the parts of the pump and describes how the pump operates to enable continuous delivery of experimental agents. Pirfenidone inhibits fibrocyte accumulation in the lungs. Complete micro osmotic pump system with flow moderator in place 1. Recent advances include development of the controlled porosity osmotic pump, and systems based o. By attaching the proper catheter, alzet osmotic pumps can deliver substances into the venous or arterial circulation, into the brain, or into any organ, lumen or solid tissue. A new electroosmotic pump based on silica monoliths. The purpose of this study was to develop a controlledporosity osmotic pump tablet opt for poorly water soluble drugs using a sulfobutyl ether. In vitroin vivo evaluation of nanosuspension release from. Alzet pumps deliver by the process of osmotic displacement. Alzet osmotic pumps implantable infusion pumps for.
Durect manufactures and sells alzet osmotic pumps and accessories on a worldwide basis. Osmoticcontrolled release oral delivery system wikipedia. For instructions on how to prepare the pump for these applications, refer to section vll. The imbibed water compresses the impermeable reservoir, which collapses and displaces the contents from the pump at a controlled, predetermined rate figure 2. When the osmotic pump is exposed to an aqueous environment, the osmotic layer imbibes water through a semipermeable membrane which forms the outer surface of the pump.
Osmotic drug delivery system as a part of modified release. Durect corporation alzet osmotic no 1004 pump alzet osmotic. May 26, 2016 this video showing osmotic pump insertion for drug delivery. While the pumping rate of each model is fixed at manufacture, the dose of agent delivered can be adjusted by varying the concentration. Osmotic, osmosis delivery, pump, solvent, alzet, telescopic, surfactant, polymer. To ensure uniform delivery, suspensions must remain homogeneous throughout the duration of delivery. Dosage variability can be achieved by modifying agent concentration. The pumping rate of alzet osmotic pumps varies in direct proportion to temperature. Subcutaneous angiotensin ii infusion using osmotic pumps. Durect reached out to dystrick to create a product sales brochure to help promote alzet osmotic pumps. Scid mouse experiments as described in this study were. Test agent effects develop fully and are easily reproduced, which is particularly advantageous for agents with short halflives. Implantable continuous infusion osmotic pumps have several applications in preclinical drug.
Alzet pumps have been exposed to a sterilizing dose of radiation from a 60co source. Durect corporation 0009922pk micro osmotic pump model 1004. The osmotic agent is placed between the core and a semipermeable membrane, which forms the outer surface of the pump. The scientific literature contains many examples where alzet pumps have facilitated full development of drug effects, including those of proteins, peptides, and other rapidly. Use the forceps to open the space under the skin in the back of the animal where the pump will be implanted.
Expert system for the development and formulation of push. It was the major the major mile stone in the field of oral osmotic drug delivery system. These minipumps provide researchers with a method for controlled and continuous agent delivery in vivo. Alzet pump model 1004 2001 2004 2006 duration days 28 7 28 42 pump rate. Via a catheter, alzet pumps can be used to deliver substances into the venous or arterial circulation, into the brain, or into any organ, lumen, or solid tissue.
Technical description of the alzet micro osmotic pump model 1004 a. Nine alzet pump models, in a range of release rates and durations, are appropriate for use in mice. We market the alzet product line directly in the u. Elementary osmotic pump eop b multiple chamber osmotic pump 1. Subcutaneous angiotensin ii infusion using osmotic pumps induces aortic aneurysms in mice article pdf available in journal of visualized experiments 2015103 october 2015 with 207 reads. B operation principle of a single compartment pump. Alzet pumps are available in a variety of sizes, durations and flow rates to meet a wide range of research needs. Jul 17, 2012 pushpull osmotic pump is a modification of eop figure 8. Empty reservoir within the core of the pump is filled with the drug or hormone solution to be delivered and is surrounded by salt chamber with impermeable layer between them it is an implantable osmotic pumps for laboratory animal the pump are used to deliver homogenous solution or suspension continuously at a. In the present study elementary osmotic pump eop of highly water soluble drug tramadol hydrochloride trh was developed and evaluated.
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